errorEN 16931

BR-20:The Seller tax representative postal address (BG-12) shall contain a Tax...

The Seller tax representative postal address (BG-12) shall contain a Tax representative country code (BT-69), if the Seller (BG-4) has a Seller tax representative party (BG-11). This applies to the `cac:PostalAddress` element in the invoice XML.

Severity
Fatal
Rule set
EN 16931
Country
All EU
Fix type
INPUT REQUIRED

Engine Classification

Business data required · Explicit input workflow · No assumptions made

Required input: Tax Scheme

What is BR-20?

BR-20 is a fatal validation rule defined in the EN 16931 specification. It validates the ID element under TaxScheme in the UBL invoice XML.

When this rule fires, the invoice is non-compliant and will be rejected by Peppol access points and national validation services. The sending system receives a rejection response and the invoice does not reach the buyer.

Target path: XPath: //cac:TaxScheme/cbc:ID

Why This Error Matters

Invoice rejected. Country code is mandatory for VAT jurisdiction determination.

BR-20 is a hard failure. Invoices that trigger this rule are rejected at the access point and never reach the recipient. In Peppol networks, this means your sending system receives an MLR (Message Level Response) with a rejection status. The invoice must be corrected and re-sent, adding delay to your payment cycle.

Validator Behavior

  • ·Causes invoice rejection
  • ·Error returned: BR-20
  • ·Specification: EN 16931

How to Fix It

1.

Check all TaxScheme

Find all TaxScheme/ID elements

2.

Set to VAT

Value must be exactly VAT

3.

Case sensitive

Must be uppercase VAT

Before / After

Failing XML
<cac:TaxRepresentativeParty>
  <cac:PostalAddress>INVALID_CODE</cac:PostalAddress>
</cac:TaxRepresentativeParty>
Corrected XML
<cac:TaxRepresentativeParty>
  <cac:PostalAddress>VALID_CODE</cac:PostalAddress>
</cac:TaxRepresentativeParty>

Technical Reference

XPathXPath: //cac:TaxScheme/cbc:ID
SpecEN 16931
StrategyRequires user input: Two-letter ISO 3166-1 country code for the tax representative's country.

Code Example

<cac:TaxScheme>
  <cbc:ID>VAT</cbc:ID>
</cac:TaxScheme>

Common Causes

  • ·Tax representative address missing country code
  • ·Country stored as full name not ISO code
  • ·IdentificationCode not mapped for rep address
  • ·Tax rep country assumed same as seller
  • ·Country field not mandatory in rep setup form

Seeing this in production? The API handles BR-20 automatically. See the fix response →

Commonly Seen In

All invoicing software

Frequently Asked Questions

The tax scheme identifier must be "VAT" for European invoicing.

Set TaxScheme ID to "VAT". You can also use Invoice Navigator's automatic Fixer tool to correct this instantly.

Yes, BR-20 is a critical error that will cause invoice rejection. It must be fixed before submission to ensure your invoice is accepted by the recipient's system.

Many instances of BR-20 can be automatically corrected using Invoice Navigator's Fixer tool. Upload your invoice and the tool will identify and fix common issues, including tax scheme must be vat.

BR-20 is commonly seen in exports from All invoicing software. These software packages sometimes generate invoices that need adjustment to meet full compliance standards.

See Also

Related Errors

Last updated: 27 February 2026

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Handle BR-20 Automatically in Your Pipeline

The compliance engine auto-remediates this error with controlled safety policies and evidence pack generation.