errorEN 16931

BR-03:Invoice must have an issue date

Every invoice must contain an issue date indicating when the invoice was created.

Severity
Fatal
Rule set
EN 16931
Country
All EU
Fix type
AUTO-FIX
Confidence
95%
Category
formatting

Engine Classification

Convert various date formats to ISO 8601 (YYYY-MM-DD)

Confidence: 95% · Applied automatically in pipeline

What is BR-03?

BR-03 is a fatal validation rule defined in the EN 16931 specification. It validates the IssueDate element in the UBL invoice XML.

When this rule fires, the invoice is non-compliant and will be rejected by Peppol access points and national validation services. The sending system receives a rejection response and the invoice does not reach the buyer.

Target path: /Invoice/cbc:IssueDate

Why This Error Matters

Invoice rejected. Issue date is required for tax reporting, payment terms calculation, and legal validity.

BR-03 is a hard failure. Invoices that trigger this rule are rejected at the access point and never reach the recipient. In Peppol networks, this means your sending system receives an MLR (Message Level Response) with a rejection status. The invoice must be corrected and re-sent, adding delay to your payment cycle.

Invoice Navigator can automatically correct this error in your pipeline. The fix is applied with full audit evidence, so your compliance trail remains intact.

Validator Behavior

  • ·Causes invoice rejection
  • ·Error returned: BR-03
  • ·Specification: EN 16931

How to Fix It

1.

Determine issue date

This is typically the date the invoice is generated or sent

2.

Format correctly

Use ISO 8601 format: YYYY-MM-DD

3.

Add to invoice

Insert the IssueDate element in the invoice header

Before / After

Failing XML
<cbc:IssueDate></cbc:IssueDate>
Corrected XML
<cbc:IssueDate>2026-01-15</cbc:IssueDate>

Technical Reference

XPath/Invoice/cbc:IssueDate
SpecEN 16931
Operationnormalize
StrategyConvert various date formats to ISO 8601 (YYYY-MM-DD)

Code Example

<cbc:IssueDate>2024-12-19</cbc:IssueDate>

Common Causes

  • ·Issue date field left empty in source accounting system
  • ·Export occurred before invoice date was finalized
  • ·Date format incompatible caused field to be skipped
  • ·Template mapping pointing to wrong date field
  • ·Backdated invoice with date validation failure

Seeing this in production? The API handles BR-03 automatically. See the fix response →

Commonly Seen In

All invoicing software

Frequently Asked Questions

Every invoice must contain an issue date indicating when the invoice was created.

Add the issue date in YYYY-MM-DD format. You can also use Invoice Navigator's automatic Fixer tool to correct this instantly.

Yes, BR-03 is a critical error that will cause invoice rejection. It must be fixed before submission to ensure your invoice is accepted by the recipient's system.

Many instances of BR-03 can be automatically corrected using Invoice Navigator's Fixer tool. Upload your invoice and the tool will identify and fix common issues, including invoice must have an issue date.

BR-03 is commonly seen in exports from All invoicing software. These software packages sometimes generate invoices that need adjustment to meet full compliance standards.

See Also

Related Errors

Last updated: 27 February 2026

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Handle BR-03 Automatically in Your Pipeline

The compliance engine auto-remediates this error with controlled safety policies and evidence pack generation.