errorEN 16931

BR-02:Invoice must have an invoice number

Every invoice must contain a unique invoice number (ID) to identify the document.

Severity
Fatal
Rule set
EN 16931
Country
All EU
Fix type
INPUT REQUIRED
Category
document

Engine Classification

Business data required · Explicit input workflow · No assumptions made

Required input: Invoice Number

What is BR-02?

BR-02 is a fatal validation rule defined in the EN 16931 specification. It validates the ID element under Invoice in the UBL invoice XML.

When this rule fires, the invoice is non-compliant and will be rejected by Peppol access points and national validation services. The sending system receives a rejection response and the invoice does not reach the buyer.

Target path: XPath: /Invoice/cbc:ID

Why This Error Matters

Invoice rejected. Cannot be processed for payment or tracked in accounting systems.

BR-02 is a hard failure. Invoices that trigger this rule are rejected at the access point and never reach the recipient. In Peppol networks, this means your sending system receives an MLR (Message Level Response) with a rejection status. The invoice must be corrected and re-sent, adding delay to your payment cycle.

Validator Behavior

  • ·Causes invoice rejection
  • ·Error returned: BR-02
  • ·Specification: EN 16931

How to Fix It

1.

Generate invoice number

Use your invoicing system sequence or create a unique identifier

2.

Add to invoice

Insert the ID element with your invoice number

3.

Ensure uniqueness

The number should be unique within your organization

Before / After

Failing XML
<cbc:ID></cbc:ID>
Corrected XML
<cbc:ID>INV-2026-001234</cbc:ID>

Technical Reference

XPathXPath: /Invoice/cbc:ID
SpecEN 16931
StrategyRequires user to provide unique invoice number

Code Example

<cbc:ID>INV-2024-001234</cbc:ID>

Common Causes

  • ·Draft invoice exported before number was assigned
  • ·Invoice number field empty or null in source system
  • ·Export template missing invoice number (ID) mapping
  • ·Sequential numbering system not configured in ERP
  • ·Manual invoice creation without assigning number

Seeing this in production? The API handles BR-02 automatically. See the fix response →

ERP-Specific Causes

Commonly Seen In

All invoicing software

Frequently Asked Questions

Every invoice must contain a unique invoice number (ID) to identify the document.

Add a unique invoice number to the ID element. You can also use Invoice Navigator's automatic Fixer tool to correct this instantly.

Yes, BR-02 is a critical error that will cause invoice rejection. It must be fixed before submission to ensure your invoice is accepted by the recipient's system.

Many instances of BR-02 can be automatically corrected using Invoice Navigator's Fixer tool. Upload your invoice and the tool will identify and fix common issues, including invoice must have an invoice number.

BR-02 is commonly seen in exports from All invoicing software. These software packages sometimes generate invoices that need adjustment to meet full compliance standards.

See Also

Related Errors

Last updated: 27 February 2026

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Handle BR-02 Automatically in Your Pipeline

The compliance engine auto-remediates this error with controlled safety policies and evidence pack generation.