Engine Classification
Financial or legal field · Modification blocked by policy
Reason: Spanish FacturaE invoices require XAdES digital signature with a valid Spanish digital certificate from an accredited Certification Authority. This requires: 1) Obtaining a valid certificate, 2) Using invoicing software that supports XAdES signing.
What is ES-R-004?
ES-R-004 is a fatal validation rule defined in the facturae specification (ESP national rules). It validates the ds:Signature element under fe:Facturae in the UBL invoice XML.
When this rule fires, the invoice is rejected by Peppol access points and never reaches the buyer.
Target path: XPath: /fe:Facturae/ds:Signature
Why This Error Matters
Spanish law requires digital signature on e-invoices.
ES-R-004 is a hard failure — the invoice must be corrected and re-sent before it can reach the recipient.
Validator Behavior
- ·Causes invoice rejection
- ·Error returned: ES-R-004
- ·Specification: facturae
How to Fix It
Get certificate
Spanish recognized certificate
Apply XAdES
Sign with XAdES-EPES minimum
XML Example
Generic example based on the rule's target XPath. Your actual XML structure may differ.
<!-- Triggers validation error --> <ds:Signature></ds:Signature>
<!-- Corrected --> <ds:Signature>VALID_VALUE</ds:Signature>
Technical Reference
XPath: /fe:Facturae/ds:SignatureCommon Causes
- ·Missing signature
- ·Invalid certificate
- ·Wrong signature type
Seeing this in production? The API handles ES-R-004 automatically. See the fix response →
Frequently Asked Questions
Spanish FacturaE invoices require XAdES digital signature.
Sign invoice with valid XAdES-EPES or XAdES-T signature. This error involves a protected field — Invoice Navigator flags it in your pipeline so your team can correct it at the source.
Yes, ES-R-004 is a critical error that will cause invoice rejection. It must be fixed before submission.
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Last updated: 3 March 2026
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